CELL BASIC UNIT OF LIFE: Introduction. Structure and functions of a cell. Stem cells and their application. Biomolecules: Properties and functions of Carbohydrates, Nucleic acids, proteins, lipids. Importance of special biomolecules: Properties and functions of enzymes, vitamins and hormones.

APPLICATION OF BIOMOLECULES: Carbohydrates in cellulose-based water filters production, PHA and PLA in bioplastics production, Nucleic acids in vaccines and diagnosis, Proteins in food production, lipids in biodiesel and detergents production, Enzymes in biosensors fabrication, food processing, detergent formulation and textile processing.

ADAPTATION OF ANATOMICAL PRINCIPLES FOR BIOENGINEERING DESIGN: Brain as a CPU system. Eye as a Camera system. Heart as a pump system. Lungs as purification system. Kidney as a filtration system.

NATURE-BIOINSPIRED MATERIALS AND MECHANISMS: Echolocation, Photosynthesis. Bird flying, Lotus leaf effect, Plant burrs, Shark skin, Kingfisher beak. Human Blood substitutes - hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) and perflourocarbons (PFCs).

TRENDS IN BIOENGINEERING: Muscular and Skeletal Systems as scaffolds, scaffolds and tissue engineering, Bioprinting techniques and materials. Electrical tongue and electrical nose in food science, DNA origami and Biocomputing, Bioimaging and Artificial Intelligence for disease diagnosis. Bioconcrete. Bioremediation. Biomining.